Physics and Engineering Actors

Physics and engineering actors are the fundamental building blocks of FUSE simulations:

Actors operate exclusively on IMAS.dd data
Actors functionality is controlled via act parameters
Actors can be combined into other actors

Fidelity hierarchy is enabled by concept of generic Vs specific actors

Generic actors define physics/component
Specific actors implement a specific model for that physics/component

For example:

ActorEquilibrium  <--  generic
├─ ActorSolovev   <--  specific
└─ ActorCHEASE    <--  specific

act.[ActorGeneric].model selects specific actor being used
All specific actors will expect data and fill the same enties in dd
- IMAS.jl expressions are key to make this work seamlessly
Where possible actors should make use of generic actors and not hardcode use of specific actors

Physics and Engineering Actors

Balance plant (3 actors)

BalanceOfPlant

FUSE.ActorBalanceOfPlant — Method

ActorBalanceOfPlant(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Balance of plant actor that estimates the net electrical power output by comparing the balance of plant electrical needs with the electricity generated from the thermal cycle.

Note

Stores data in dd.balance_of_plant

source

ActorBalanceOfPlant
└─ do_plot

PowerNeeds

FUSE.ActorPowerNeeds — Method

ActorPowerNeeds(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Power needs actor that calculates the needed power to operate the plant

model = :thermal_power_fraction simply assumes that the power to balance a plant is a fraction of the gross electrical power generated by the thermal cycle.
model = :EU_DEMO subdivides the power plant electrical needs to [:cryostat, :tritium_handling, :pumping] using EU-DEMO numbers.
model = :FUSE subdivides power plant needs into subsystems and calculates their power needs.

Note

Stores data in dd.balance_of_plant.power_electric_plant_operation

source

ActorPowerNeeds
├─ model
├─ thermal_power_fraction
└─ do_plot

ThermalPlant

FUSE.ActorThermalPlant — Method

ActorThermalPlant(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Note

Stores data in dd.balance_of_plant

source

ActorThermalPlant
├─ model
├─ fixed_plant_efficiency
├─ do_plot
└─ verbose

Build (5 actors)

CXbuild

FUSE.ActorCXbuild — Method

ActorCXbuild(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Generates the 2D cross section of the tokamak build

Note

Manipulates data in dd.build

source

ActorCXbuild
├─ rebuild_wall
├─ n_points
├─ divertor_size
└─ do_plot

HFSsizing

FUSE.ActorHFSsizing — Method

ActorHFSsizing(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Actor that resizes the High Field Side of the tokamak radial build

takes into account the OH maximum allowed superconductor current/Field
takes into account the stresses on the center stack

Note

Manipulates radial build information in dd.build.layer

source

ActorHFSsizing
├─ error_on_technology
├─ error_on_performance
├─ do_plot
└─ verbose

FluxSwing

FUSE.ActorFluxSwing — Method

ActorFluxSwing(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Depending on operate_oh_at_j_crit

true => Evaluate the OH current limits, and evaluate flattop duration from that.
false => Evaluate what are the currents needed for a given flattop duration. This may or may not exceed the OH current limits.

OH flux consumption based on:

rampup estimate based on Ejima coefficient
flattop consumption
vertical field from PF coils

Note

Stores data in dd.build.flux_swing, dd.build.tf, and dd.build.oh

source

ActorFluxSwing
└─ operate_oh_at_j_crit

LFSsizing

FUSE.ActorLFSsizing — Method

ActorLFSsizing(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Actor that resizes the Low Field Side of the tokamak radial build

Places TF outer leg at radius required to meet the dd.build.tf.ripple requirement
Other low-field side layers are scaled proportionally

Note

Manipulates radial build information in dd.build.layer

source

ActorLFSsizing
├─ maintenance
├─ tor_modularity
├─ pol_modularity
├─ do_plot
└─ verbose

Stresses

FUSE.ActorStresses — Method

ActorStresses(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates mechanical stresses on the center stack

Note

Stores data in dd.solid_mechanics

source

ActorStresses
├─ do_plot
└─ n_points

Compound (3 actors)

DynamicPlasma

FUSE.ActorDynamicPlasma — Method

ActorDynamicPlasma(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Compound evolves plasma in time

source

ActorDynamicPlasma
├─ Δt  [s]
├─ Nt
├─ evolve_transport
├─ evolve_pedestal
├─ evolve_hcd
├─ evolve_current
├─ evolve_equilibrium
├─ evolve_pf_active
├─ ip_controller
├─ time_derivatives_sources
└─ verbose

StationaryPlasma

FUSE.ActorStationaryPlasma — Method

ActorStationaryPlasma(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Compound actor that runs the following actors in succesion:

ActorCurrent
ActorHCD
ActorCoreTransport
ActorEquilibrium

Note

Stores data in dd.equilibrium, dd.core_profiles, dd.core_sources, dd.core_transport

source

ActorStationaryPlasma
├─ max_iter
├─ convergence_error
├─ do_plot
└─ verbose

WholeFacility

FUSE.ActorWholeFacility — Method

ActorWholeFacility(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Compound actor that runs all the physics, engineering and costing actors needed to model the whole plant:

ActorStationaryPlasma
ActorStabilityLimits
ActorHFSsizing
ActorLFSsizing
ActorCXbuild
ActorFluxSwing
ActorStresses
ActorPFdesign
ActorPFactive
ActorPassiveStructures
ActorVerticalStability
ActorNeutronics
ActorBlanket
ActorDivertors
ActorBalanceOfPlant
ActorCosting

Note

Stores data in dd

source

ActorWholeFacility
├─ update_plasma
└─ update_build

Costing (3 actors)

Costing

FUSE.ActorCosting — Method

ActorCosting(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates the cost of building, operating, and recommission the fusion power plant.

Note

Stores data in dd.costing

source

ActorCosting
├─ model
├─ construction_start_year  [year]
├─ future_inflation_rate
├─ plant_lifetime  [year]
├─ availability
├─ production_increase
└─ learning_rate

CostingARIES

FUSE.ActorCostingARIES — Method

ActorCostingARIES(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates costing based on ARIES cost account documentation https://cer.ucsd.edu/_files/publications/UCSD-CER-13-01.pdf

Note

Stores data in dd.costing

source

ActorCostingARIES
├─ land_space  [acres]
├─ building_volume  [m³]
├─ interest_rate
├─ indirect_cost_rate
├─ escalation_fraction
└─ blanket_lifetime  [year]

CostingSheffield

FUSE.ActorCostingSheffield — Method

ActorCostingSheffield(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates costing based on Sheffield and Milora, FS&T 70 (2016)

Note

Stores data in dd.costing

source

ActorCostingSheffield
├─ construction_lead_time  [year]
├─ fixed_charge_rate
├─ capitalize_blanket
├─ capitalize_divertor
├─ divertor_fluence_lifetime  [MW*yr/m²]
└─ blanket_fluence_lifetime  [MW*yr/m²]

Current (3 actors)

Current

FUSE.ActorCurrent — Method

ActorCurrent(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Provides a common interface to run multiple ohmic current evolution actors

Sets the j_ohmic, j_tor, j_total under dd.core_profiles.profiles_1d[]
Sets j_parallel in dd.equilibrium.time_slice[].profiles_1d
Updates bootstrap and ohmic parallel current and heating sources in dd.core_sources

source

ActorCurrent
├─ model
├─ allow_floating_plasma_current
├─ ip_from
└─ vloop_from

QED

FUSE.ActorQED — Method

ActorQED(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evolves the plasma current using the QED current diffusion solver.

Note

This actor operates at "dd.global_time", any time advance must be done outside of the actor

IMAS.new_timeslice!(dd, dd.global_time + Δt)
dd.global_time += Δt
ActorQED(dd, act)

Note

Stores data in dd.core_profiles.profiles_1d[].j_ohmic

source

ActorQED
├─ Δt  [s]
├─ Nt
├─ solve_for
├─ allow_floating_plasma_current
├─ ip_from
└─ vloop_from

SteadyStateCurrent

FUSE.ActorSteadyStateCurrent — Method

ActorSteadyStateCurrent(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evolves the ohmic current to steady state using the conductivity from dd.core_profiles

Note

Stores data in dd.core_profiles.profiles_1d[].j_ohmic

source

ActorSteadyStateCurrent
├─ allow_floating_plasma_current
└─ ip_from

Divertors (1 actors)

Divertors

FUSE.ActorDivertors — Method

ActorDivertors(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates divertor loading and deposited power

Note

Stores data in dd.divertors

source

ActorDivertors
├─ heat_flux_model
├─ impurities
├─ impurities_fraction
├─ heat_spread_factor
├─ thermal_power_extraction_efficiency
└─ verbose

Equilibrium (4 actors)

Equilibrium

FUSE.ActorEquilibrium — Method

ActorEquilibrium(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Provides a common interface to run multiple equilibrium actors

source

ActorEquilibrium
├─ model
├─ symmetrize
├─ j_p_from
├─ ip_from
├─ vacuum_r0_b0_from
└─ do_plot

CHEASE

FUSE.ActorCHEASE — Method

ActorCHEASE(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Runs the Fixed boundary equilibrium solver CHEASE

source

ActorCHEASE
├─ free_boundary
├─ clear_workdir
├─ rescale_eq_to_ip
└─ ip_from

Solovev

FUSE.ActorSolovev — Method

ActorSolovev(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Solovev equilibrium actor, based on: “One size fits all” analytic solutions to the Grad–Shafranov equation Phys. Plasmas 17, 032502 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3328818

source

ActorSolovev
├─ ngrid
├─ qstar
├─ alpha
├─ ip_from
└─ verbose

TEQUILA

FUSE.ActorTEQUILA — Method

ActorTEQUILA(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Runs the Fixed boundary equilibrium solver TEQUILA

source

ActorTEQUILA
├─ free_boundary
├─ number_of_radial_grid_points
├─ number_of_fourier_modes
├─ number_of_MXH_harmonics
├─ number_of_iterations
├─ relax
├─ tolerance
├─ ip_from
├─ fixed_grid
├─ do_plot
├─ debug
├─ R  [m]
└─ Z  [m]

Hcd (5 actors)

HCD

FUSE.ActorHCD — Method

ActorHCD(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Provides a common interface to run HCD actors

source

ActorHCD
├─ ec_model
├─ ic_model
├─ lh_model
├─ nb_model
└─ pellet_model

SimpleEC

FUSE.ActorSimpleEC — Method

ActorSimpleEC(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates the EC electron energy deposition and current drive as a gaussian.

NOTE: Current drive efficiency from GASC, based on "G. Tonon 'Current Drive Efficiency Requirements for an Attractive Steady-State Reactor'"

Note

Reads data in dd.ec_launchers, dd.pulse_schedule and stores data in dd.core_sources

source

ActorSimpleEC
└─ ηcd_scale

SimpleIC

FUSE.ActorSimpleIC — Method

ActorSimpleIC(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates the ion-cyclotron electron/ion energy deposition and current drive as a gaussian.

NOTE: Current drive efficiency from GASC, based on "G. Tonon 'Current Drive Efficiency Requirements for an Attractive Steady-State Reactor'"

Note

Reads data in dd.ic_antennas, dd.pulse_schedule and stores data in dd.core_sources

source

ActorSimpleIC
└─ ηcd_scale

SimpleLH

FUSE.ActorSimpleLH — Method

ActorSimpleLH(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates the Lower-hybrid electron energy deposition and current drive as a gaussian.

NOTE: Current drive efficiency from GASC, based on "G. Tonon 'Current Drive Efficiency Requirements for an Attractive Steady-State Reactor'"

Note

Reads data in dd.lh_antennas, dd.pulse_schedule and stores data in dd.core_sources

source

ActorSimpleLH
└─ ηcd_scale

SimplePellet

FUSE.ActorSimplePellet — Method

ActorSimplePellet(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates the Pellet particle deposition

Note

Reads data in dd.pellet_launchers, dd.pulse_schedule and stores data in dd.core_sources

source

ActorSimplePellet

Nuclear (2 actors)

Blanket

FUSE.ActorBlanket — Method

ActorBlanket(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates blankets tritium breeding ratio (TBR), heat deposition, and neutron leakage

Note

Stores data in dd.blanket

source

ActorBlanket
├─ minimum_first_wall_thickness  [m]
├─ blanket_multiplier
├─ thermal_power_extraction_efficiency
└─ verbose

Neutronics

FUSE.ActorNeutronics — Method

ActorNeutronics(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Estimates the neutron wall loading

Note

Stores data in dd.neutronics

source

ActorNeutronics
├─ N
└─ do_plot

Pedestal (3 actors)

Pedestal

FUSE.ActorPedestal — Method

ActorPedestal(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates the pedestal boundary condition (height and width)

source

ActorPedestal
├─ rho_nml
├─ rho_ped
├─ density_match
├─ model
├─ ip_from
├─ βn_from
├─ ne_from
├─ zeff_ped_from
└─ do_plot

EPED

FUSE.ActorEPED — Method

ActorEPED(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates the pedestal boundary condition (height and width)

source

ActorEPED
├─ rho_nml
├─ rho_ped
├─ T_ratio_pedestal
├─ ped_factor
├─ only_powerlaw
├─ ip_from
├─ βn_from
├─ ne_ped_from
├─ zeff_ped_from
└─ warn_nn_train_bounds

WPED

FUSE.ActorWPED — Method

ActorWPED(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Finds the temperature profile at the edge to match the pedtocorefraction of stored energy set in par.pedtocorefraction

source

ActorWPED
├─ ped_to_core_fraction
├─ rho_ped
├─ ne_ped_from
├─ zeff_ped_from
└─ do_plot

Pf (3 actors)

PFdesign

FUSE.ActorPFdesign — Method

ActorPFdesign(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Optimize PF coil locations to achieve desired equilibrium

Note

Manupulates data in dd.pf_active

source

ActorPFdesign
├─ symmetric
├─ update_equilibrium
├─ model
├─ do_plot
└─ verbose

PFactive

FUSE.ActorPFactive — Method

ActorPFactive(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Finds the optimal coil currents to match the equilibrium boundary shape

Note

Manupulates data in dd.pf_active

source

ActorPFactive
├─ green_model
├─ update_equilibrium
└─ do_plot

PassiveStructures

FUSE.ActorPassiveStructures — Method

ActorPassiveStructures(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Populates pf_passive structures

source

ActorPassiveStructures
├─ wall_precision
├─ min_n_segments
└─ do_plot

Stability (2 actors)

StabilityLimits

FUSE.ActorStabilityLimits — Method

ActorStabilityLimits(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Runs all the limit actors

source

ActorStabilityLimits
├─ models
└─ raise_on_breach

VerticalStability

FUSE.ActorVerticalStability — Method

ActorVerticalStability(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Compute vertical stability metrics

source

ActorVerticalStability
└─ do_plot

Transport (7 actors)

CoreTransport

FUSE.ActorCoreTransport — Method

ActorCoreTransport(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Provides a common interface to run multiple core transport actors

source

ActorCoreTransport
├─ model
└─ do_plot

EPEDprofiles

FUSE.ActorEPEDprofiles — Method

ActorEPEDprofiles(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Updates pedestal height and width and blends with core profiles that are defined by shaping factors.

Does not change on-axis values of plasma profiles.

source

ActorEPEDprofiles
├─ T_shaping
├─ ne_shaping
├─ T_ratio_pedestal
└─ T_ratio_core

FluxCalculator

FUSE.ActorFluxCalculator — Method

ActorFluxCalculator(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Provides a common interface to run multiple transport model actors

source

ActorFluxCalculator
├─ rho_transport
├─ turbulence_model
└─ neoclassical_model

FluxMatcher

FUSE.ActorFluxMatcher — Method

ActorFluxMatcher(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evalutes the transport fluxes and source fluxes and minimizes the flux_match error

source

ActorFluxMatcher
├─ rho_transport
├─ evolve_Ti
├─ evolve_Te
├─ evolve_densities
├─ evolve_rotation
├─ evolve_pedestal
├─ find_widths
├─ max_iterations
├─ optimizer_algorithm
├─ step_size
├─ Δt  [s]
├─ save_input_tglf_folder
├─ relax
├─ do_plot
└─ verbose

Neoclassical

FUSE.ActorNeoclassical — Method

ActorNeoclassical(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates the neoclassical transport fluxes

source

ActorNeoclassical
├─ model
└─ rho_transport

QLGYRO

FUSE.ActorQLGYRO — Method

ActorQLGYRO(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates the QLGYRO predicted turbulence

source

ActorQLGYRO
├─ model
├─ ky
├─ nky
├─ cpu_per_ky
├─ kygrid_model
├─ sat_rule
├─ n_field
├─ delta_t
├─ max_time
├─ rho_transport
└─ lump_ions

TGLF

FUSE.ActorTGLF — Method

ActorTGLF(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Evaluates the TGLF predicted turbulence

source

ActorTGLF
├─ model
├─ sat_rule
├─ electromagnetic
├─ user_specified_model
├─ rho_transport
├─ warn_nn_train_bounds
├─ custom_input_files
└─ lump_ions

Wall loading (2 actors)

CoreRadHeatFlux

FUSE.ActorCoreRadHeatFlux — Method

ActorCoreRadHeatFlux(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Computes the heat flux on the wall due to the core radiation

source

ActorCoreRadHeatFlux
├─ N
├─ r  [m]
├─ q  [W m⁻²]
├─ levels
├─ merge_wall
├─ step  [m]
└─ do_plot

ParticleHeatFlux

FUSE.ActorParticleHeatFlux — Method

ActorParticleHeatFlux(dd::IMAS.dd, act::ParametersAllActors; kw...)

Computes the heat flux on the wall due to the charged particles

source

ActorParticleHeatFlux
├─ r  [m]
├─ q  [W m⁻²]
├─ levels
├─ merge_wall
├─ step  [m]
└─ do_plot